Year 9 Science · Unit 4 · Lesson 18

Practical Investigation — Waves or Motion

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Learning Goals

Analyse data from a ramp investigation and describe the trend with specific values.
Write a CER conclusion using Claim, Evidence, and Reasoning linked to Newton's Second Law.
Evaluate whether a relationship in data is linear or non-linear.

Warm Up

Analyse the data

A class measured the average speed of a toy car at different ramp angles. Their results are shown below. Use this data to answer the questions.

Ramp angle (°)	Average car speed (m/s)
10	0.4
20	0.8
30	1.1
40	1.4
50	1.5

(a) Which angle gave the fastest car speed? State the exact value from the table.

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(b) Is the relationship between ramp angle and speed linear? Explain your answer using at least two specific pairs of values from the table. (Hint: in a linear relationship, equal increases in the IV produce equal increases in the DV.)

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(c) Describe the overall trend in one complete sentence. Include: the direction of the trend, where the trend levels off, and specific values as evidence.

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Your Turn

Write a CER conclusion

Use the data from the Warm Up to write a CER conclusion for the ramp investigation. Use the three scaffolded boxes below.

Claim — Write one sentence that directly answers the research question: "Does ramp angle affect the speed of a toy car?"

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Evidence — Quote 2–3 specific values from the data table to support your claim. Use numbers and units.

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Reasoning — Explain WHY ramp angle affects speed using Newton's Second Law. Your explanation should mention: the component of gravity parallel to the ramp, how it changes with angle, and how this affects the net force and therefore acceleration.

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Wrap Up

In one sentence, what was the main idea of this lesson?