Science Unit 4 — Waves & Motion ⏱ ~25 min Checkpoint 2

Checkpoint 2

Review the key ideas from Lessons 6-10, then test yourself with 10 multiple-choice questions and 3 short-answer questions.

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Quick Review

6

Sound Waves and Vibrations

Focus: Sound is produced by vibrations. Sound requires a medium because it relies on particle collisions to transfer energy.

Key terms: Sound wave, Vibration, Compression

7

Hearing, Pitch and Loudness

Focus: Pitch is determined by the frequency of a sound wave. The structure of the ear is adapted to collect, amplify, and process sound vibrations.

Key terms: Pitch, Loudness, Frequency

8

Light Waves and the Electromagnetic Spectrum

Focus: Light is a transverse electromagnetic wave. All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum (3 × 10⁸ m/s) but differ in wavelength and frequency.

Key terms: Electromagnetic spectrum, Visible light, Infrared

9

Reflection, Refraction and Absorption

Focus: Reflection is when light bounces off a surface. The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.

Key terms: Reflection, Refraction, Absorption

10

Checkpoint 2 — Sound and Light Review

Focus: Review and consolidate your understanding of sound waves, hearing, the electromagnetic spectrum, and light interactions.

Multiple Choice (10 questions)

1. What type of wave is a sound wave?

ATransverse
BLongitudinal
CElectromagnetic
DSurface

2. Why can sound not travel through a vacuum?

AIt is too fast
BThere are no particles to vibrate
CIt needs light to travel
DVacuum absorbs sound energy

3. What property of a sound wave determines its pitch?

AAmplitude
BWavelength
CFrequency
DSpeed

4. What happens to the loudness of a sound if its amplitude is doubled?

AIt becomes quieter
BIt stays the same
CIt becomes louder
DThe pitch changes

5. Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength?

ARadio waves
BMicrowaves
CX-rays
DGamma rays

6. What is the speed of all electromagnetic waves in a vacuum?

A340 m/s
B3,000 m/s
C3 × 10⁸ m/s
D300 m/s

7. According to the law of reflection, the angle of incidence equals the:

AAngle of refraction
BAngle of reflection
CAngle of absorption
DAngle of the surface

8. What happens to light when it passes from air into glass at an angle?

AIt speeds up and bends away
BIt slows down and bends toward the normal
CIt reflects completely
DIt is absorbed

9. Sound waves are an example of:

ATransverse waves
BLongitudinal waves
CElectromagnetic waves
DSurface waves

10. Which property of a sound wave determines its loudness?

AFrequency
BWavelength
CAmplitude
DSpeed

Short Answer (3 questions)

SA1

Explain how a tuning fork produces sound and how that sound reaches your ear. Use the terms vibration, compression, and rarefaction. (3 marks)

Hint: Describe the sequence from the tuning fork to the air to your eardrum.

Write your answer in your book.
SA2

Describe the journey of a sound wave from the air to the brain, naming the main parts of the ear involved. (3 marks)

Hint: Include the outer ear, eardrum, ossicles, cochlea, and auditory nerve.

Write your answer in your book.
SA3

Describe the electromagnetic spectrum, naming all seven regions in order of increasing frequency. Give one practical use for microwaves and one for X-rays. (3 marks)

Hint: Use the order: radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-ray, gamma.

Write your answer in your book.
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Test Your Knowledge

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