Year 9 Science · Unit 1 · Lesson 7

Midunit Synthesis, Checkpoint (L01–L06)

Foundation Worksheet

Name

Date

Class

Learning Goals

Recall key vocabulary from Lessons 1–6 covering disease types, pathogens, and transmission
Classify examples of defence mechanisms as first line, second line, or neither
Connect concepts across the first half of the unit

Warm Up

Match each term to its definition

Draw a line connecting each term on the left to its correct definition on the right. Or write the matching letter next to each term.

Term	Your answer	Definition
Pathogen		A. White blood cells that engulf and destroy pathogens by surrounding and digesting them.
Transmission		B. The process by which the body raises its core temperature to slow pathogen reproduction.
Mucus		C. A microorganism or agent capable of causing disease in a host.
Phagocyte		D. A fluid produced by mucous membranes that traps pathogens before they enter the body.
Inflammation		E. The way a disease moves from one host to another, such as by contact, air, or vectors.
Fever		F. A redness, swelling, heat, and pain response triggered when tissues are damaged or infected.
Vector		G. The protein system in blood that punches holes in pathogen membranes and attracts phagocytes.
Complement		H. An organism (such as a mosquito or tick) that carries and transmits a pathogen between hosts.

Your Turn

Sort it!

Write each item from the pool into the correct category box. Twelve items are listed, each belongs in exactly one category.

Skin Inflammation Stomach acid Phagocytes Fever Mucus in the nose Antibiotic drug Complement proteins Cilia in airways Pus formation Vaccination Tears (lysozyme)

First line defence

Second line defence

Neither (not a defence line)

Show What You Know

1. Name two physical barriers and one chemical barrier that form the first line of defence. For each, explain how it stops pathogens from entering the body.

Recall 3 marks

2. A student says: "Fever is just a symptom that shows you are sick, it does nothing useful." Do you agree or disagree? Explain using one piece of scientific evidence from Lessons 1–6.

Recall 2 marks

Wrap Up

In one sentence, what is the key difference between the first line and second line of defence?