Science>Year 9>Unit 1>Checkpoint 1

Checkpoint 1

This checkpoint tests Block A: what disease is, the types of pathogens, how disease spreads, and the first line of defence.

SC5-DIS-01Lessons 1-610 MC3 Short AnswerCheckpoint 1 of 4
CP1

Coverage

This checkpoint assesses your understanding of Block A.

Lesson 1

What disease is; infectious vs non-infectious; health, disease and disorder defined.

Lesson 2

Stable internal conditions (homeostasis); assessed within the lesson, not the checkpoint MC.

Lesson 3

System interactions and feedback (homeostasis); assessed within the lesson, not the checkpoint MC.

Lesson 4

Types of pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, protists, parasites, and the toxins they release.

Lesson 5

How disease spreads: transmission routes, vectors, and quarantine.

Lesson 6

First line of defence: skin, mucous membranes, lysozyme, stomach acid, cilia.

Checkpoint Standard Strong answers use precise scientific language and connect concepts to real-world examples.
MC Score
0 / 10
SA Score
0 / 12
Q

Test Your Understanding

UnderstandBand 3

1. Which of the following is an infectious disease?

AAsthma
BDiabetes
CInfluenza
DHeart disease
UnderstandBand 3

2. What is the main difference between infectious and non-infectious diseases?

AInfectious diseases are always more serious
BInfectious diseases can spread between organisms
CNon-infectious diseases are caused by pathogens
DNon-infectious diseases always have a cure
RememberBand 3

3. Which pathogen is responsible for causing COVID-19?

ABacterium
BVirus
CFungus
DProtist
UnderstandBand 3

4. Malaria is spread by a mosquito that carries the pathogen from person to person. The mosquito is best described as a:

AHost
BToxin
CPathogen
DVector
UnderstandBand 4

5. Which of these is part of the body's first line of defence?

ACilia lining the airways
BAntibodies
CT cells
DMemory B cells
ApplyBand 4

6. A student has a cut on their hand. Which first-line defence has been breached?

AStomach acid
BMucous membranes
CSkin barrier
DTears
UnderstandBand 3

7. What is the main purpose of quarantine?

ATo separate infected or exposed individuals so a disease cannot spread to others
BTo cure a person who already has an infectious disease
CTo make a pathogen reproduce more slowly inside the body
DTo strengthen the body's first line of defence
UnderstandBand 4

8. Why can non-infectious diseases like type 2 diabetes not be caught from another person?

AThey are too mild to spread
BThey only affect older people
CThey are prevented by vaccines
DThey are not caused by a pathogen that can be passed on
ApplyBand 4

9. A food handler does not wash their hands and prepares a salad. Which transmission route is most likely?

AAirborne
BVector-borne
CIndirect contact
DDirect contact
AnalyseBand 5

10. A remote community has high rates of skin infections but low rates of influenza. Which explanation is most likely?

AThe community has better hygiene than cities
BCrowded housing increases skin contact transmission while isolation reduces airborne spread
CThe climate prevents influenza virus survival
DVaccines are not available for skin infections

Short Answer Questions

UnderstandBand 3

11. Define disease and explain the difference between infectious and non-infectious diseases. Give two examples of each. 4 MARKS

Answer in your book.
ApplyBand 4

12. Explain how a pathogen such as influenza virus causes disease in the human body. Include how it enters, multiplies, and produces symptoms. 4 MARKS

Answer in your book.
AnalyseBand 5

13. Compare the first line of defence with the second and third lines. Explain why the first line is considered non-specific while the later lines are specific. 4 MARKS

Answer in your book.

Review & Reflect

✓ I can explain...

  • What disease is and how it differs from injury or temporary illness
  • The difference between infectious and non-infectious diseases
  • The main types of pathogens and examples of diseases they cause
  • How diseases spread through different transmission routes
  • The physical and chemical barriers that form the first line of defence

⚠ I need to review...

  • The difference between bacteria and viruses in structure and reproduction
  • How vectors differ from other transmission routes
  • The role of quarantine in controlling disease spread
  • How chemical barriers such as lysozyme and stomach acid stop pathogens

Mark checkpoint as complete

Tick when you have finished all questions and reviewed your answers.