Year 8 Science · Unit 3 · Lesson 23

Volcanoes

Foundation Worksheet

Name

Date

Class

Learning Goals

Describe the difference between magma and lava and how they relate to volcanic eruptions.
Identify the three main types of volcanoes and their key characteristics.
Name the three settings where volcanoes form and give an example of each.

Warm Up

Fill the gap

Choose the correct word from the word bank to complete each sentence.

volcano magma lava shield stratovolcano subduction hotspot seismograph fossil

A is an opening in Earth's crust where molten rock can reach the surface. Molten rock underground is called , but once it erupts onto the surface it is called . A volcano has broad, gentle slopes and erupts runny basaltic lava, while a is steep-sided and has explosive eruptions. Where one plate sinks beneath another, a process called generates silica-rich magma that fuels explosive volcanoes. The Hawaiian Islands formed above a mantle , where a fixed plume of very hot rock melts through the overlying plate.

Your Turn

Odd one out

Circle the item that does not belong in each group. Then explain why it doesn't fit.

#	Group	Your answer (odd one + reason)
1	Shield volcano Stratovolcano Cinder cone Seismograph
2	Convergent boundary Divergent boundary Hotspot Frost line
3	Pyroclastic flow Lahar Ash fall Fossil fuel

Show What You Know

1. What is the difference between magma and lava? In your answer, say where each one is found.

Recall 2 marks

2. Why are shield volcanoes less explosive than stratovolcanoes? Use the word "viscosity" in your answer.

Recall 2 marks

Wrap Up

In one sentence, what was the main idea of this lesson?