Year 8 Science · Unit 3 · Lesson 22
Foundation Worksheet
Learning Goals
Match each term to its definition
Draw a line connecting each term on the left to its correct definition on the right. Or write the matching letter next to each term.
| Term | Your answer | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| Focus | A. An instrument that detects and records ground movement during an earthquake. | |
| Epicentre | B. The slowest seismic wave; travels along Earth's surface and causes the most building damage. | |
| P-wave | C. The underground point where an earthquake originates; also called the hypocenter. | |
| S-wave | D. The point on Earth's surface directly above the focus; usually where shaking is greatest. | |
| Surface wave | E. The fastest seismic wave; uses push-pull (compressional) motion and travels through solids and liquids. | |
| Seismograph | F. A shear wave that travels through solids only and arrives after the P-wave. |
True or False? Fix the false ones
Circle T or F for each statement. If the statement is false, rewrite it correctly on the line below.
The epicentre is the underground origin point of an earthquake.
Correct it:
S-waves travel faster than P-waves after an earthquake.
Correct it:
The Richter scale is linear, a magnitude 8 earthquake is twice as strong as a magnitude 4 earthquake.
Correct it:
The 1989 Newcastle earthquake proved that Australia has no earthquake risk because it is far from plate boundaries.
Correct it:
1. At a seismograph station, which type of seismic wave arrives first, which arrives second, and which arrives last? Why does this order occur?
2. What is the "drop, cover, hold" rule? Explain why staying under a table is safer than running outside during an earthquake.
Wrap Up
In one sentence, what was the main idea of this lesson?