Year 8 Science · Unit 2 · Lesson 06

Inside the Atom

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Learning Goals

Use the Bohr model to show how electrons fill shells around the nucleus.
Compare protons and electrons by charge, location, mass and role.
Apply atomic structure knowledge to explain the identity and neutrality of atoms.

Warm Up

Order the steps

Number the steps from 1 to 6 to show the correct order for building a Bohr model of a carbon atom. Step 1 = what you do first.

Order	Step
	Draw the first electron shell (maximum 2 electrons) around the nucleus.
	Place 6 protons in the nucleus.
	Place 2 electrons in shell 1 (filling it to its maximum).
	Identify the number of protons in carbon: 6.
	Place the remaining 4 electrons in shell 2.
	Place 6 neutrons in the nucleus alongside the protons.

Your Turn

Compare two

Complete the table to compare a proton and an electron. Fill in as many cells as you can using the lesson.

Feature	Proton	Electron
Charge
Location in the atom
Relative mass
What happens to the atom if you add or remove one
Effect on the atom's identity (element)

Show What You Know

1. A helium atom has 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Draw and label its Bohr model in the space below, showing where all particles are located.

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2. An atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons. Explain why this atom is electrically neutral, using the charges of the particles in your answer.

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Wrap Up

In one sentence, what was the main idea of this lesson?